Adam Gopnik on Wislawa Szymborska: “Life fully imagined”
Though hardly a happy poet in the usual sense—born in Krakow in 1923, possibly the worst moment and place ever to arrive on this planet, with Hitler waiting to greet her on her sixteenth birthday and Stalin evilly coming along behind, how could she be?—Szymborska’s poetry had the gift of creating both the happiness of wisdom felt and the ecstatic happiness of the particulars of life fully imagined. From the experience of armies and dogmas and death that shaped her early life, she found a new commitment to the belief that the poetic impulse, however small its objects, is always saner than the polemical imperative, however passionate its certitudes.
Szymborska took as subjects “chairs and sorrows, scissors, tenderness, transistors, violins, teacups, dams and quips,” to use a list from the title poem in that last collection [Here]. Though determinedly microcosmic, she was never minor. Szymborska takes on an onion, and that onion is peeled, down to its essence. A Szymborska poem is always charming, wonderfully charming, charming as a small child singing, charming as a great pop-song lyric. But her poems are also, to use an old word, “deep,” mysteriously so, about the very nature of existence.
— from “Wislawa Szymborska: The Happiness of Wisdom Felt” (The New Yorker)
![Michael Cunningham
ELIZABETH FARNSWORTH: [The Hours] is also a novel that has darkness in it . . . . I would call it the abyss, which Virginia Woolf, for example, sees behind her when she looks in the mirror in one of my favorite passages, and yet I don’t find the novel ever dark. It’s almost illuminated. How did you do that?
MICHAEL CUNNINGHAM: Beats me. I can’t imagine wanting to write a novel that wasn’t about darkness in some way. I don’t feel like we need much help with our happiness. The Kodak moments we can manage on our own—I don’t mean to dismiss happiness. We can manage our happiness on our own. . . . I feel like what we need art for is a little bit of solace, a little bit of company in trying to deal with the darker stuff. And at the same time, I would never write a pessimistic book. I think writing is, by definition, an optimistic act.
— from “The Pulitzer for Fiction,” a conversation with Michael Cunningham, by Elizabeth Farnsworth (PBS News Hour)
(Photograph by Richard Phibbs. Thank you, mysanantonio.)](http://25.media.tumblr.com/b72ac60ce52fbf339559136342e522c0/tumblr_mftyj2WwCU1rzji1ao1_400.jpg)
![Toni Morrison
She repeats [her father’s words], slowly, with the air of revelation. “Go to work, get your money, come home.” She was not obliged, he said, to live as [her white employers] saw her in their imagination. Later, when Morrison was bullied at school, it had little effect on her, she says. “A little Italian boy called me an Ethiopian. ‘Hee hee hee, you Ethiopian, you.’ I went home and said to my mother, ‘What is that?’ And she said, ‘It’s a country in Africa.’ And it was sort of like, what? He obviously thought it was a great insult.” Morrison, dry as ice, says, “It was not impressive.”
This attitude has, at times, landed her in trouble. “It limits you. It makes you insensitive to certain things, that later in life you should be sensitive to.” She never took drugs, she says, not even as a teenager when everyone around her was smoking dope. “I did not want to feel anything that did not originate with me. Because the big deal, as they described it, was that it made you feel so good. I did not want to feel something that was dependent on it. I want to feel what I feel. What’s mine. Even if it’s not happiness, whatever that means. Because you’re all you’ve got.”
— from “Toni Morrison: ‘I want to feel what I feel. Even if it’s not happiness’” by Emma Brockes (The Guardian)
(Photograph [Ms. Morrison and her son Slade in 1978] by Jill Krementz. Thank you, Ms. Krementz and newyorksocialdiary.)](http://25.media.tumblr.com/tumblr_mdmcclTuIO1rzji1ao1_500.jpg)
